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The 19th Amendment, ratified in 1920, primarily achieved women's suffrage, granting women the legal right to vote in the United States. This amendment was the culmination of decades of activism, protests, and advocacy by women's rights advocates who sought equal participation in the democratic process. The passage of the 19th Amendment marked a significant milestone in the women's rights movement, fundamentally altering the landscape of American democracy by ensuring that women could no longer be denied the right to vote based on their gender.

In contrast, the other options reflect different historical milestones. Prohibition repeal pertains to the 21st Amendment, which overturned the 18th Amendment that instituted the ban on alcohol. Judicial review is a principle established by the Supreme Court, notably in the case of Marbury v. Madison, which occurred long before the 19th Amendment. Federal regulation of interstate commerce relates to Congress's power to regulate commerce among the states, a subject of numerous Supreme Court decisions but not directly connected to the issue of voting rights for women. Understanding these distinctions helps illustrate the specific and impactful nature of the 19th Amendment in the broader context of U.S. history and the struggle for civil rights.