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Popular sovereignty asserts that political authority is derived from the consent and will of the people. This concept emphasizes that the legitimacy of governmental power comes from the people, rather than being granted by a monarch, military force, or a ruling elite. In systems embracing popular sovereignty, citizens have the right to participate in the political process, often through voting and civic engagement, which shapes laws, policies, and governance.

The fundamental idea behind popular sovereignty is that governments are established to serve the interests of the people, and authority is not maintained through force, privilege, or predetermined lineage. It underscores the principle that a just government is one that reflects the collective will and choice of its constituents. This democratic foundation promotes accountability and the notion that leaders derive their power from the permission of those they govern.