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Socialism fundamentally seeks to address poverty and inequality through the principle of egalitarian distribution. This approach emphasizes the importance of distributing resources, wealth, and opportunities more equitably among the population, rather than allowing them to be concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or families. Socialists argue that by redistributing wealth, society can alleviate poverty and create a more just and fair economic structure.

The ideology encapsulates the belief that everyone should have equal access to basic needs such as education, healthcare, and economic resources, which directly counters the widespread disparities often seen in capitalist societies. Through mechanisms like progressive taxation, social welfare programs, and public ownership of key resources, socialism aims to create a system that prioritizes collective well-being over individual accumulation of wealth. This focus on equal distribution is a defining characteristic of socialism and its critique of existing economic systems.